超实用的翻译技巧

所谓反面着笔，又称正说反译或反说正译，指的是原文从一个角度表达，而译文则反向翻译。下面小编就和大家分享超实用的翻译技巧，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。

超实用的翻译技巧

反面着笔作为一种巧妙的翻译技巧，常常能在英译汉中起到画龙点睛的作用。

这种翻译方法，有时是因为在汉语中无法直接按照英语的表达来正向翻译，于是反其道而行之，反面着笔，使译文流畅;有时，译者故意为之，能为译文增添不少色彩。

来看一个简单的例子吧：

例句：Guests are still arriving.

译文：客人们正在来。

乍一看，这一句话确实准确表达了英语句子的意思，而且这句话也没有理解上的障碍。但在中文中，我们并不会采用这种表达方式，将现在进行时死板地说成“正在”。那么，如果改成“客人们还没到齐”，是不是更符合汉语的表达习惯呢?

下面，我们再举几个例子，让大家体会一下这种巧妙的反面着笔法。

例句：I could not relax and still feel wide awake.

译文：我不能放松下来，仍觉得没有一点睡意。

译文从反面，将“一直清醒”译成了“没有一点睡意”，和“feel”译出的“觉得”句意连贯，且更符合中文的习惯用法。

例句：I hear everything.

译文：什么都瞒不过我。

在这句话的翻译中，将整句话都反向翻译了。英语句中I是主语，everything是听到的内容，而翻译中将主语和宾语的位置调换，并使用否定以表达“所有”。这样翻译，更能突出句子想要表达的“无所不知”的意思。

例句：There is nothing like fresh date to offer vitamin C.

译文：鲜枣是提供维生素C的最佳水果。

将英语中的否定形式，翻译成了汉语中的肯定句。不受到英语固定搭配的限制，汉语翻译显得更地道。

例句：The moon lies fair upon the straits.

译文：长峡托孤月。

诗歌或散文的翻译中，也可以使用反面着笔的方法。这句英语说的是月亮在海峡上，而翻译则译成了海峡托起月亮，这样既生动形象，又富有美感。

2020年catti笔译三级强化练习题

奠定了获得抗震救灾全面胜利的基础Lay the foundation for disaster relief

受剥削的悲惨命运A life under exploitation

合家团圆的幸福夜晚A family evening

庆祝生日的欢乐气氛Birthday celebration

违反消费者权利的恶劣举措Conduct that violates consumer rights

从而形成了人人参加全球讨论的局面Everyone is involved in the discussion of globalization.

消费量在过去几年中连续上升的趋势Consumption increased in the past few years.

明确规则产生了改善业绩的效果Clarification of rules led to improvement of performance.

先去二楼接待室，宣传材料以及照片等等都在接待室里。

You need to go to the reception on the second floor where you’ll find the brochure and　photos.

我们开始采取积极的财政政策和比较宽松的货币政策。这两个政策的目的都是要改善经济。

We are implementing a proactive fiscal policy and a relatively relaxed monetary policy both of which are designed to improve the economy.

英国商业部和英国财政部联合成立经济政策研究组。商业部和财政部各派出三人。

Department of Business and the Treasury set up a joint study group, each provided three people.

办公室里有一些红椅子你可以用。There are red chairs in the office you can use.

我再解释纳米技术是，已经举过几个例子了。When explaining　nanotechnology, I already provided example.

中午饭很丰盛，有各种各样的饭菜。

There was a wide variety of food at lunch.

中国人民进行了不屈不挠的斗争，无数仁人志士苦苦探索救国救民的道路。

Chinese people struggled relentlessly and uncompromisingly. Numerous people of character and ambition searched hard for a way to save the country and its people.

这些斗争和探索，每一次都在一定的历史条件下推动了中国的进步，但又一次一次地失败了。

Their struggle and experiment facilitated the progress of China given the historical circumstances of the time, but again and again, the struggle　and experiment failed.

紫禁城举世闻名、气势雄伟。古往今来，是历史的见证。

2020年翻译资格考试三级笔译备考资料：《兰亭集序》

It is the ninth year of Yonghe (A.C.353), also known as the year of Guichou in terms of the Chinese lunar calendar.On one of those late spring days, we gather at the Orchid Pavilion, which is located in Shanyin County, Kuaiji Prefecture, for dispelling bad luck and praying for good fortune.The attendees of the gathering are all virtuous intellectuals, varying from young to old. Endowed with great mountains and lofty peaks, Orchid Pavilion has flourishing branches and high bamboo bushes all around, together with a clear winding brook engirdled, which can thereby serve the guests by floating the wine glasses on top for their drinking. Seated by the bank of brook, people will still regale themselves right by poetizing their mixed feelings and emotions with wine and songs, never mind the absence of melody from string and wind instruments.

永和九年，岁在癸(guǐ)丑。暮春之初，会于会(kuài)稽山阴之兰亭，修禊(xì)事也。群贤毕至，少长(zhǎng)咸集。此地有崇山峻岭，茂林修竹，又有清流激湍，映带左右,引以为流觞(shāng)曲水，列坐其次。虽无丝竹管弦之盛，一觞一咏，亦足以畅叙幽情。

It is such a wonderful day, with fresh air and mild breeze.Facing upwards to the blue sky, we behold the vast immensity of the universe; when bowing our heads towards the ground, we again satisfy ourselves with the diversity of species.Thereby we can refresh our views and let free our souls, with luxuriant satisfaction done to both ears and eyes. How infinite the cheer is!

是日也，天朗气清，惠风和畅。 仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛。所以游目骋(chěng)怀，足以极视听之娱，信可乐也。

People keep coming and going, and life soon rushes to its end. Some people prefer to share their proud aspiration and lofty goals with close friends indoors, while some others choose to follow their interest and free their minds wherever and whenever they like. May characters vary from person to person, or some would rather stay peaceful while others like to live restlessly, they will all become delighted and satisfied once they meet something pleasant, so cheerful that they get unaware of their imminent old age.However, when they get tired of their old fancies that they’ve already experienced, and sentiment correspondingly accompanies the change of situation, all sorts of complicated feelings will well up in the heart, too. Isn’t it thought-provoking that the happiness we used to enjoy passes by without leaving a single trace, let alone that the length of life is subject to the fate, and death is inevitable for anybody in the end? Just as some ancient man once put it, “Death also deserves our attention, like what life does.”, so how can we restrain ourselves from grieving?

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