这类有很长同位语的的句子，其实就是纸老虎，目的就是为了打断我们的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，从而造成理解困难，对付这种语句，我们要先找出其主语，从整理上了解清楚，下文是小编为你精心编辑整理的考研英语一阅读理解真题大全，希望对你有所帮助，更多内容，请点击相关栏目查看，谢谢!

考研英语一阅读理解真题大全1

Text 1

Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will nprobably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the nrobots come for their jobs?

Don't dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at nhigh risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with nthe middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening nor day care don't appeal to robots. But many middle-class occupations-trucking, nfinancial advice, software engineering — have aroused their interest, or soon nwill. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.

This isn't to be alarmist. Optimists point out that technological upheaval nhas benefited workers in the past. The Industrial Revolution didn't go so well nfor Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually nraised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed. Likewise, nautomation should eventually boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving ndown prices, and free workers from hard, boring work. But in the medium term, nmiddle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting.

The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee argue in The Second nMachine Age, should be rethinking education and job training. Curriculums —from ngrammar school to college- should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and nmore on creativity and complex communication. Vocational schools should do a nbetter job of fostering problem-solving skills and helping students work nalongside robots. Online education can supplement the traditional kind. It could nmake extra training and instruction affordable. Professionals trying to acquire nnew skills will be able to do so without going into debt.

The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S. to nrevive its fading business dynamism: Starting new companies must be made easier. nIn previous eras of drastic technological change, entrepreneurs smoothed the ntransition by dreaming up ways to combine labor and machines. The best uses of n3D printers and virtual reality haven't been invented yet. The U.S. needs the nnew companies that will invent them.

Finally, because automation threatens to widen the gap between capital nincome and labor income, taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought. nTaxes on low-wage labor need to be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned nincome tax credit should be expanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work, nreward companies for job creation, and reduce inequality.

Technology will improve society in ways big and small over the next few nyears, yet this will be little comfort to those who find their lives and careers nupended by automation. Destroying the machines that are coming for our jobs nwould be nuts. But policies to help workers adapt will be indispensable.

21.Who will be most threatened by automation?

[A] Leading politicians.

[B]Low-wage laborers.

[C]Robot owners.

[D]Middle-class workers.

22 .Which of the following best represent the author’s view?

[A] Worries about automation are in fact groundless.

[B]Optimists' opinions on new tech find little support.

[C]Issues arising from automation need to be tackled

[D]Negative consequences of new tech can be avoided

23.Education in the age of automation should put more emphasis on

[A] creative potential.

[B]job-hunting skills.

[C]individual needs.

[D]cooperative spirit.

24.The author suggests that tax policies be aimed at

[A] encouraging the development of automation.

[B]increasing the return on capital investment.

[C]easing the hostility between rich and poor.

[D]preventing the income gap from widening.

25.In this text, the author presents a problem with

[A] opposing views on it.

[B]possible solutions to it.

[C]its alarming impacts.

[D]its major variations.

考研英语一阅读理解真题大全2

TEXT 1

King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted"kings don't abdicate, they die in ntheir sleep." But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republicans nleft in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand ndown. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? nDoes that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their nmagnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?

The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When npublic opinion is particularly polarized, as it was following the end of the nFrance regime, monarchs can rise above "mere" polities and "embody" a spirit of nnational unity.

It is this apparent transcendence of polities that explains monarchy's ncontinuing popularity as heads of state. And so, the Middle East expected, nEurope is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not ncounting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in nthe Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters nto avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public nfigure.

Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national nunity as they claim to be, their very history-and sometimes the way they behave ntoday-embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time nwhen Thomas Piketty and other economists are warming of rising inequality and nthe increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy naristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic nstates.

The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old naristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not nhorses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the ninternational 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to nmaintain the right image.

While Europe's monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some ntime to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish nexample.

It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy's reputation with her nrather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with nCharles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical nview of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely nsurvived because they provide a service-as non-controversial and non-political nheads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is nkings, not republicans, who are the monarchy's worst enemies.

21. According to the first two paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain

[A]eased his relationship with his rivals.

[B]used to enjoy high public support.

[C]was unpopular among European royals.

[D]ended his reign in embarrassment.

22. Monarchs are kept as head of state in Europe mostly

[A]to give voters more public figures to look up to.

[B]to achieve a balance between tradition and reality.

[C]owing to their undoubted and respectable status.

[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment.

23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph n4?

[A] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.

[B] Aristocrats' excessive reliance on inherited wealth.

[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.

[D] The nobility's adherence to their privileges.

24. The British royals "have most to fear" because Charles

[A]takes a tough line on political issues.

[B]fails to change his lifestyle as advised.

[C]takes republicans as his potential allies.

[D]fails to adapt himself to his future role.

25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?

[A]Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined

[B]Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne

[C]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats

[D]Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs

考研英语一阅读理解真题大全3

Text 1

The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next nmusic director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the nsudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part， the response nhas been favorable， to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony nTommasini， a sober-sided classical-music critic.

One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise， however， is nthat Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini， who had advocated nGilbert‘s appointment in the Times， calls him “an unpretentious musician with no nair of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music ndirector of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav nMahler and Pierre Boulez， that seems likely to have struck at least some Times nreaders as faint praise.

For my part， I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a ngood one. To be sure， he performs an impressive variety of interesting ncompositions， but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall， or nanywhere else， to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go nto my CD shelf， or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music nfrom iTunes.

Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live nperformance are missing the point. For the time， attention， and money of the nart-loving public， classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera nhouses， dance troupes， theater companies， and museums， but also with the nrecorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. nThere recordings are cheap， available everywhere， and very often much higher in nartistic quality than today‘s live performances; moreover， they can be n“consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread navailability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the ninstitution of the traditional classical concert.

One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new nmusic that is not yet available on record. Gilbert‘s own interest in new music nhas been widely noted： Alex Ross， a classical-music critic， has described him as na man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different， nmore vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference? nMerely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and nthe Philharmonic are to succeed， they must first change the relationship between nAmerica‘s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.

21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilbert‘s appointment has

[A]incurred criticism.

[B]raised suspicion.

[C]received acclaim.

[D]aroused curiosity.

22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is

[A]influential.

[B]modest.

[C]respectable.

[D]talented.

23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers

[A]ignore the expenses of live performances.

[B]reject most kinds of recorded performances.

[C]exaggerate the variety of live performances.

[D]overestimate the value of live performances.

24. According to the text， which of the following is true of nrecordings?

[A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.

[B]They are easily accessible to the general public.

[C]They help improve the quality of music.

[D]They have only covered masterpieces.

25. Regarding Gilbert‘s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic， the author nfeels

[A]doubtful.

[B]enthusiastic.

[C]confident.

[D]puzzled.

考研英语一阅读理解真题大全4

Text 1

In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played nby Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high nfashion doesn’t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the nassistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments nstores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her ngarment.

This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of ndate or at odds with the feverish would described in Overdressed, Eliazabeth nCline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so n,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, nand Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. nQuicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more nprofit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as ndisposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that n–and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at ndirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, nshaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.

The victims of this revolution , of course ,are not limited to designers. nFor H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around nthe world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain nnatural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.

Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers nlike Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing ,like fast nfood, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues. nAmericans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items nper person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to nwaste.

Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn nwoman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes n– and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades nto perfect her craft; her example can’t be knocked off.

Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their nimpact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green nConscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by nthe customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of nsustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will nonly start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.

21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her

[A] poor bargaining skill.

[B] insensitivity to fashion.

[C] obsession with high fashion.

[D] lack of imagination.

22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to

[A] combat unnecessary waste.

[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.

[C] resist the influence of advertisements.

[D] shop for their garments more frequently.

23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to

[A] accusation.

[B] enthusiasm.

[C] indifference.

[D] tolerance.

24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?

[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.

[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.

[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.

[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.

25. What is the subject of the text?

[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.

[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.

[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.

[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.

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